05 September 2012

Holy Work


Luke 5:1-11

Fourteenth Sunday after Pentecost/ 2nd September 2012

Jesus has a job for you to do.  That’s it.  That’s the main idea of this meditation.  It’s the main theme of this text.  Jesus has a job for you do.  No matter whom you are or where you come from, no matter your education or skill level, whether you’re rich or poor, young or old, whether you have faith or none – they don’t matter.  Jesus has a job for you.  There’s work to be done. There’s a God to be served. There’s a world to be loved.  And you’re exactly the right person to do it.  Why?  How? Because Jesus has called you and needs you, equips and sends you, and he’s counting on you.

            On this Labor Day weekend it seems fitting to talk about work, to consider the unique work Jesus calls us toward.   And call is the key word here because this is a call story – the Bible is full of them, full of call stories, narratives of God appearing from out of no where and summoning assuming women and men to change the direction of their lives, to take on a new responsibility, to face an enormous challenge, to confront injustice and slavery, to move toward a new vision, a new horizon, a new day, a new way of being human.  Upon the acceptance of the call hinges the advancement of God’s kingdom and the Spirit’s unfolding mission in history.

            Jesus has a job for you to do.  God has a job for you to do.  To be a follower of Jesus means that Jesus has called you and is calling you to do something unique that only you can do; to be someone unique that only you can be.  We call this vocation, from the Latin vocatus, to call.  And the one doing the calling is God.  When we say that Jesus has a job for us to do we’re saying that everyone has a vocation.  A vocation or calling is not reserved only for religious professionals; it isn’t reserved for the special few whose jobs reflect their passions and interests.  The Reformed theological tradition has always insisted upon the centrality of vocation in the Christian life.  Everyone is called by virtue of one’s baptism.  If you’re baptized then you have a calling.  Jesus has a job for you to do.

            Now, I know, we know, there are some people who are just thankful to have a job – any job – to have enough money to pay the rent and put food on the table.  I know, we know, that not every job is viewed as a calling.  Some jobs are just jobs, there’s nothing special about them.  Some jobs are killing us.  Some people go to work just to pay the bills so that when they come home they can focus on the things that really give them life. The great poet T. S. Eliot (1888-1965), early in his career, worked as a bank teller in London during the day and then went home in the evening to do what he loved to do more than anything else, write poetry.   For some, for many, work is drudgery, something you get through in order to get beyond it, to get to retirement.  Some, many, when they chose their careers early in life followed the money or listened to the expectations of their parents or peers instead of following their hearts.  For some, for many, following one’s heart seems like a luxury, something that rich people say, people who have options, choices.  For some, for many, work has no meaning, no purpose. However, just imagine what this does to the human spirit over time, year after year of meaningless work, work without purpose, work that contributes nothing to one’s well-being, which does little to advance the kingdom, which has little to do with the Spirit’s unfolding work in history. How can we afford not to listen to the heart?

            So how do you figure out what Jesus wants you to do?  “Put out into the deep water and let down your nets for a catch.”  Now we know how this story ends up, the nets are overwhelmed with fish, Peter pulls away in fear, and Jesus says, “Do not be afraid, from now on you will be catching people.” And so we think this is the point of the story – Jesus’ followers catch people.  We assume the only call worth having is to be “fishers of men.”  We think the only call is to be an evangelist.  And to some extent, yes, all of this is quite true.  But this is not the summation of God’s call, this is not the only kind of calling Jesus has in mind.  It’s not the only work for us do. 

I want to pull back from the story a little.   I want us to see the major metaphor at work here and then allow the metaphor to push us forward to where we are today, especially for those of us who aren’t professional fisher folk.

            “Put out into the deep water and let down your nets for a catch.”  I can remember the exact time and place as a college student when I first heard the power of this metaphor.  Where is the “deep water”? What is this “deep water”?  For me, the metaphor of “deep water” means everything that’s under the surface.  In many cultures and myths the ocean or sea are symbols of the unconscious; they represent the deep inner world of the psyche: dark, mysterious, frightening, and holy – not unlike the ocean itself. Jesus called them to go away from the shoreline to “put out into the deep water,” don’t be afraid to go there and when you get there don’t be afraid to let down your nets for a catch.  What they’re looking for is found in the depths.  It can’t be found along the shallow shoreline. 

Jesus is calling them – calling us – to a life that risks going into the deep water and then going into the depths in order to “catch” the hidden wisdom of God within us, to find the life of the Spirit hidden in the depths of our being, to go down and in and find our soul, our heart, our heart’s “first love,” the heart of all things that knows the truth.  It’s there, I believe, that we discover what Jesus calls us to do.  It’s there, I believe, that we come to have a sense of who we are and whose we are and all that’s available to us to fulfill our respective callings.

            One thing is clear there: we’re not called to cast our nets in shallow places, places that aren’t deep enough to yield what we’re looking for.  The real answers to our questions won’t be found there.  My sense is that far too many of us prefer the shallow end, near the safety of the shoreline, and would rather cast our nets in the kiddie pool of life.  We’re afraid to go deep – and we should be!  But that doesn’t mean we don’t belong there.  And, to be honest, there aren’t many voices in our age challenging us enough or expecting us to go deep – so much of our culture prefers shallowness (and I include the Church in this indictment), a society that prefers the easy way, the simple, the practical, the functional and efficient way. 

            Why is this so?  There are many responses to this question.  But maybe, just maybe, it’s because there’s a part of us that really doesn’t want a net full of fish.  I suspect that we’re afraid of what we will find in the depths, that what we find will be more than we can bear, that what we discover there will overwhelm us.  For, what if there’s more within us than we could ever begin to imagine?  What if we’re full of fish?  What if there are all these gifts, resources, abilities, emotions, and experiences, and treasures hiding within our depths, more than we could ever envision? 

            What the disciples discover in the depths overwhelms them – as it should!  That’s what I think is behind Simon Peter’s odd response to the catch, falling down at Jesus’ knees, pleading with him, “Go away from me, Lord, for I am a sinful man.”  In other words, “Go away from me, Lord, for I am not worthy of such generosity.”—Oh, but you are, Simon PeterYes you areYou are more worthy than you think.  Such generosity, yes, such grace overwhelms, because that’s what grace does.  The fact that it overwhelms and frightens you – as you try to push it away and deny it isn’t there – is natural, but do not be afraid.  What you discover there is your calling.  For a calling that does not overwhelm you is not worthy of you.  A calling that does not place greater demands and burdens on you is not worthy of you.  So don’t allow the feeling of being overwhelmed or frightened by the abundance in your depths define you.  That would be the sin, the sin is not acknowledging that there’s so much available to you in the depth of your heart; the sin is not accepting it; the sin is not taking on the burden of responsibility that comes with the gift; the sin is not living one’s life – one’s calling – from what God has given you within.

            That’s our vocation, that’s our holy work – venturing out into the depths, letting down our nets for a catch – and then living faithfully, joyfully, passionately in response to what we discover of God’s abundance.  "Our vocation," as Thomas Merton (1915-1968) said, "is not simply to be, but to work together with God in the creation of our own life, our own identity, our own destiny" (New Seeds of Contemplation).  It’s precisely the realization of God’s abundance, the depth of God love and grace available to us that in the end “hooks us,” that “catches” us in the nets of God’s goodness; it’s the catch that “catches” people and turns lives around and changes the universe. 

That’s what “catches” people.  For when we encounter this kind of overwhelming abundance in God and sense it within ourselves and within the world, nothing is quite ever the same again.  It makes perfect sense then that, as the text clearly says, “When they had brought their boats to the shore, they left everything and followed him.” Of course they did. Of course they did.

29 August 2012

Singing God's Praise


Psalm 84

Thirteenth Sunday after Pentecost/ 26th August 2012

There’s an old phrase that’s been swimming around my head in conjunction with this text.  “He who sings well prays twice.”  Maybe Sue Krehbiel’s article about the new Presbyterian hymnal, found on the front page of the Messenger, triggered the quote.  She alludes to it in the title, “Praying Twice: Singing in Worship.”

St. Augustine (354-430) usually gets credit for this.  However, the Latin for this saying, Qui bene cantat bis orat, isn’t found in anything that has come down to us from the venerable doctor of the church.  Augustine did say, however, “cantare amantis est.”  “Singing belongs to the one who loves.”  We find this saying in one of his commentaries on the psalms where he discusses what’s involved in the singing in the psalms.  Listen to his words:  “For he who sings praise, does not only praise, but also praises joyfully; he who sings praise, not only sings, but also loves Him whom he is singing about/to/for.  There is a praise-filled public proclamation in the praise of someone who is confessing/acknowledging (God), in the song of the lover (there is) love.”[1]

            “…in the song of the lover (there is) love.”  What Augustine is getting at here – the thing that is relevant to us here this morning, that helps us dive deeper into a song of praise like Psalm 84 – is that Augustine knew, like Israel before him, that when the object of our song is God, something happens to the song, and something happens to us.  When God is the focus of our singing, then something happens to our hymns and psalms, and then something happens to us.  When we offer songs of praise to God, it’s as if they’re transfigured in our singing, and God comes close to us.  “…in the song of the lover (there is) love.”  As one scholar put it, “Something happens so that the song itself becomes Love in its manifestation of love of the one who truly is Love itself.”  Sounds like a scholar, doesn’t it?  In other words, the lover is contained in the love song.  God is found in songs of praise to God.  When we sing “psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs” (Ephesians 5:19) to God, Sunday after Sunday, we are changed and are being changed.  They shape us and form us and reform us. So that the one who sings – and sings in love to God – prays twice.  In other words, our singing can become a more intense, concentrated, focused prayer, which causes our souls to rejoice.

            This is an amazing psalm or song of praise, 84.  It lifts up for us a profound understanding of what worship, of what praise is really all about.  To praise God is, in some way, to encounter God. To praise God is, to some extent, to meet God. And it’s the experience of meeting, of encountering of God, of dwelling with the presence of God that we find here.  This is, ultimately, what every human soul hungers for.  This is the deepest hunger of the human heart:  to rest, to be at home, to be united with and be in the presence of God.  Listen to the psalm again from the perspective of human desire:  “How lovely is your dwelling place, O LORD of hosts!  My soul longs, indeed it faints for the courts of the LORD; my heart and my flesh sing for joy to the living God.” 

            Can you hear it? Can you feel it?  That longing, that desire?  That feeling, that desire is the source of worship in the human experience.  Heart, soul, and body together yearn for the presence of God.  That’s the origin of worship. 

            When we’re in the courts of the LORD, the dwelling place of God – the temple, the church, the community of God’s people – there’s something about it that brings joy to our hearts.  The sparrow knows what home feels like.  The swallow knows where her nest is.  Human beings are created for the altars of God, to find our “home” there, to nest, to rest where God lives.  “Happy are those who live in your house, ever singing your praise.”

            Happy.  Happiness, the psalmist tells us can be found here.  In worship.  When our songs are focused upon God, we get a glimpse of God. When our worship is focused upon God, we get a glimpse of God.  When our souls yearn for the presence of God, something of God meets us in our souls.  That’s why worship is so critically important – it’s more than just “going to church.”  Theologically speaking, we don’t go to church; we are the church and when the church gathers it worships.  Perhaps we should stop using this language.  We don’t go to church; we are the church and when we gather we worship.  It’s the most essential thing that we do as a church.

            This psalm, like the others, also assumes that we worship in community, together, not alone.  The people of ancient Israel, as well as in Jesus’ age, had very different understandings of the self than we do today, we who are notoriously individualistic.  Yes, there would have been private prayers and worship in homes, but religious expression was primarily a communal experience.  Something profound and holy occurs when God’s people show up together to sing together, to pray together, share a meal together, listen for God’s Word together.   When the object, the focus of our worship is God, then something of God is reflected back upon the people, on all of us, and we’re all blessed for it.   We all share in it together. “Happy are those who live in your house, ever singing your praise.”  In the house of God....  “For a day in your courts is better than a thousand elsewhere.  I would rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God than live in the tents of wickedness.”

            Unfortunately, so many these days are finding their happiness elsewhere.  They are doorkeepers at other temples.  There is a deep cleavage between human desire and the object of that desire.  Religion, religious expression is alive and well in our age (even among the so-called atheists), because we human beings are religious creatures.  That’s why I believe religion will never die.  We were made to worship, we love to worship things, people, ideas, institutions, nations, sports teams.  We think that fulfilling these obsessions, “having” them will make us happy.  As we know, they won’t.  They become idols, false gods.  As John Calvin (1509-1564) said, human beings are idol factories.  We’re very good at it.  Knowing this is also why idolatry was considered such a threat for Israel, because they knew – as we need to always remember – we become what we worship.  So you better be aware of the idols or the false-gods in your life, because you will become to look and be like them. 

            The deepest hunger of the human heart can only be fed in God.  With worship attendance on the decline in American society and even more so in Europe, we have to ask ourselves what’s really going on?  Are we doing something wrong? Or, maybe we’re doing something right that leaves the masses, the majority at odds with who we are and what matters most to us.  Either way, the problem won’t be “fixed” by changing the styles of worship (contemporary vs. traditional, etc.) or coming up with other gimmicks and tricks to get people to worship.

            Perhaps a solution is found in verse 2 of the psalm.  It pretty much sums up what worship is all about.  I’m going to read it very slowly, as I read it, listen to the words, hang on the words, image the words, and be conscious of what you're feeling:

            My soul longs, indeed it faints for the courts of the LORD:
                        My heart and my flesh sing for joy to the living God.

A lot hinges here upon the meaning of joy.  Without joy, worship becomes empty, hollow.  Without joy, our songs remain just songs instead of conduits of the Spirit.  It’s joy that calls us to worship.  It’s joy that rouses our hearts and souls and bodies to praise.  One of the Hebrew words for joy, Simhah, is not a feeling.  It’s more than a feeling.  As one scholar put it, "It is the reality, experience and manifestations of overwhelming gladness." When C. S. Lewis (1898-1963) tells us that when he moved from atheism to Christianity that he was “surprised by joy.”[2]  Joy is at the core of the faith and yet it’s difficult to articulate theologically.  You can’t teach joy.  It’s not a law; you can’t say, “Thou Shalt be Joyful!”  It has to come from the heart.  Either you are or you aren’t.  It’s not just an internal, emotional state; it also has an external component.  It causes us to act.  Singing, dancing, shouting, offering praises, prayer, feasting, celebration, service.  Joy flows from worship and leads us to service to worship to service to worship.  Joy is like grace yielding gratitude yielding grace.  And the Sabbath is made for joy.

            It’s joy that leads the psalmist to the courts of the Lord.  It’s joy that causes the psalmist to sing.  It’s joy for the Beloved that causes his soul to long and faint with desire.  That’s what calls us to worship. 

            But what if all of this leaves you empty and hollow?  Maybe something of the joy is missing in your life. Maybe joy seems far away.  No one is joyful 24/7.  Joy is more than a feeling; feelings come and go.  Sometimes we don’t feel like getting to the gym, but we know we’ll feel better after having gone.  Sometimes we don’t feel like worship, but once we get there we’re usually happier for it. Feelings have little to do with it all. 

            While I was away on vacation in New Mexico I took some time to go back to the Monastery of Christ in the Desert, a Benedictine community that dwells deep in the Chama River canyon near Ghost Ranch (about an hour north of Santa Fe).  The days are marked by a lot of silence, but also a lot of song and praise.  They follow the Divine Office or Liturgy of the Hours, established by Benedict (c.480-543) in the sixth century, consisting of eight daily services beginning with Vigils at 4:00 a.m. (yes, 4:00 a.m.) and concluding with Compline around 7:30 p.m.  Although I’m generally not a morning person, I attended Vigils twice, which meant that I got up around around 3:40 a.m. to leave enough time to walk, in the dark, to the chapel.  The monks follow a strict liturgy and sing the psalms using Gregorian chant. Guests are invited to join them in singing antiphonally, one choir responding to the other.  Every week they chant the 150 psalms of the psalter.  Now, when I got up on those mornings, I have to say, honestly, that I didn’t feel like it.  I’m sure – I know – that the brothers don’t feel like being there every morning.  From the looks of some of them at 4 a.m., you can tell.  None of us looked good at that hour!  But they went.  I came up with all kinds of reasons for hitting the snooze button or ignoring the alarm altogether or excuses such as, “I’ll skip Vigils, but I’ll be there bright and early for Lauds,” which is at 6:00 a.m.  But I went.  I didn’t attend all eight services, but most on a given day.  I was there for three nights and almost four days. As I was slowly driving down the road toward Ghost Ranch, I could feel a difference.  The chant, the psalm, the praise, the prayer, the worship worked me over.  And there was joy – not ecstatic joy, but a deep gladness and profound gratitude to have that time to dwell in that holy place, to listen to the voice of my soul, and to connect with God.

            It’s the singing and the praising doing their work on us over time, week in and week out, that in time reveals the joy of our souls, that allow our joy to bubble up from within, and allows us to discover the object of our love, “…for in the song of the lover (there is) love.” In our worship we find God and find ourselves surprised by joy, again and again.



[1] Augustine, Enarratio in Psalmum 72, 1: CCL 39, 986 (PL 36, 914), cited on Fr. John Zuhlsdorf’s website: http://wdtprs.com/blog/2006/02/st-augustine-he-who-sings-prays-twice/
[2] This is also the title given to his autobiography, Surprised by Joy: The Shape of My Early Life (1955).  The title is an allusion to William Wordsworth’s (1770-1850) poem, "Surprised By Joy — Impatient As The Wind."

06 August 2012

Feeding Hungry Souls


John 6: 24-35

Tenth Sunday after Pentecost/ 5th August 2012

Let’s set the scene here.  Put the text in context. What we have here is Jesus’ well-known affirmation, “I am the bread of life.”  The occasion for this lesson is Jesus’ sign or miracle of feeding the five thousand, which we find earlier in the chapter. So impressed with this miracle, with his authority and power, the crowd presses in on him, ready to seize and “make him king,” (John 6:15), but Jesus withdrew to the mountains by himself.  The disciples took to the water, got into a boat, and sailed for Capernaum.  A strong windstorm appeared out of nowhere. They were terrified.  And if they weren’t terrified enough, they see Jesus walking on water toward them.  Jesus says, “It is I; do not be afraid” (John 6:20). By the time they offer to take Jesus into the boat, they approach the shoreline.  The crowd well fed back in Tiberias soon realizes that the disciples and Jesus had left and that Jesus did not sail with the twelve because one of their boats behind. So they sail to Capernaum to find Jesus and say, “Rabbi, when did you come here?”  In other words, how did you get here?  Jesus replies, “Very truly, I tell you – honestly – I’ll tell you what you’re looking for.”

            Now, listen to the way Eugene Peterson captures the rest of the scene in his translation, picking up with verse 24: 

            Jesus answered, “You’ve come looking for me not because you saw God in my actions but because I fed you, filled your stomachs – and for free.
“Don’t waste your energy striving for perishable food like that.  Work for the food that sticks with you, food that nourishes your lasting life, food the Son of Man provides.  He and what he does are guaranteed by God the Father to last.”
            To that they said, “Well, what do we do then to get in on God’s works?”
            Jesus said, “Throw your lot in with the One that God has sent.  That kind of a commitment gets you in on God’s works.”
            They waffled:  “Why don’t you give us a clue about who you are, just a hint of what’s going on? When we see what’s up, we’ll commit ourselves. Show us what you can do. Moses fed our ancestors with bread in the desert. It says so in the Scriptures:  ‘he gave them bread from heaven to eat.’”
            Jesus responded, “The real significance of that Scripture is not that Moses gave you bread from heaven but that my Father is right now offering you bread from heaven, the real bread.  The Bread of God came down out of heaven and is giving life to the world.”
            They jumped at that:  “Master, give us this bread, now and forever!”
Jesus said, “I am the Bread of life.  The person who aligns with me hungers no more and thirsts no more, ever.”[1]

            I share Peterson’s translation here from The Message because he helps us get to the heart of this text: human hunger.  The chapter begins with our hunger for food and ends with our hunger for God.  One leads to the other.  Jesus, the wise teacher, takes advantage of this teachable moment, of hungry, starving people, to help people realize there is a deeper hunger that we crave.  That Jesus has to use this occasion to make this point, because it’s not immediately evident, tells us something about the human condition that generally functions with a surface level of meaning and fails to go into the depths. 

            When Jesus plays with this metaphor, referring to himself as the “bread of life” you would think the hearers would make that shift, that they would realize he’s not talking literally about loaves and fish. But they don’t get it.  They see Jesus and hear Jesus, but do they really see Jesus and hear Jesus?  Then the religious leaders begin to complain when he says, “I am the bread that came down from heaven.”  John tells us that they muttered amongst themselves, “is not this Jesus, the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How can he now say” these things?" (John 6:42).  They don’t get it.

            So Jesus continues to teach them.  “Very truly, I tell you, whoever believes has eternal life.  I am the bread of life.  Your ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died. This is the bread that comes down from heaven, so that one may eat of it and not die.  I am the living bread that came down from heaven.  Whoever eats of this bread will live forever; and the bread that I will give for this life of the world is my flesh” (John 6: 47-5).  John tells us, “The Jews then disputed among themselves, saying, ‘How can this man give us his flesh to eat?’” (John 6:52). And so the conversation goes…. 

            Jesus is comfortable in the world of metaphor, symbol, analogy; they’re stuck in a concrete, literal, material world that can’t hear or even see the spiritual dimension of what Jesus is trying to get them to “see,” metaphorically speaking.  Later on, his disciples say, “This teaching is difficult; who can accept it?” (John 6:60).  And so it goes and so it goes.

            There are many directions we can go with this text, but it’s this exploration of human hunger that resonates so profoundly in our age.  The multitudes are fed, their bellies full, do they crave for more?  Is that why they’re following Jesus?  Because he fills their bellies – for free?  Is that why they listen to his teaching, because in the end they know they’re going to get fed?  Having something to eat, of course, is essential, especially if you’re among the peasant class and you worry where the next meal is going to come from.  Still, are they only interested in Jesus for what they will get out of him?  Because he’s “useful” to them, because he satisfies a want?  Are they really interested in who he is and what he’s trying to give them? Give us?

            And what about us?  In Dorothy Boulton’s sermon last week she explored the larger question of when is enough, enough?  How much is enough?  While it’s true that the vast majority of people in American society do not have to worry about when the next meal will come, it is not true that we have resolved the hunger problem, because it seems at times that our cravings are insatiable.[2]  We want more and more.  Have you ever considered just how large supermarkets have become – Wegmans, Whole Foods, Giant, Safeway – with aisles and aisles of food, of options, of choices. 

            Last year, my good friend, Lee Hinson-Hasty, who works in the Presbyterian Center in Louisville, lived in Debrecen, Hungary for a semester.  His wife, a theologian, received a Fulbright Fellowship to study and teach there.  Their entire family lived in Debrecen for the semester. Soon after he returned he posted a photograph on facebook. He went shopping at his local Target and was a little stunned by the experience.  He took a photo of just one aisle at theTarget, with shelves and shelves selling deodorant.  Really?  He was overwhelmed by it all.

            We don’t realize the extent of our excess as a nation.  And the level of our greed. We’re reluctant to talk about it.  At the General Assembly last month in Pittsburgh there was even reluctance for the church to name greed as a moral sin.  Our needs are dissociated from our wants.  As Dorothy said last week, “We are residents of a society that encourages us to consume more and more, we are victims of the insatiability that advertisers gleefully know and exploit.” 

            We want and want and want because we’re taught at a very young age to be consumers – it drives me nuts (to be personal here) to see supermarkets with child-sized push carts with little flags on them that say, “Consumers in Training.”  It’s cute, I know, but consider what that’s saying. We want more and more and more.  We want to make more and more so that we can have more and more.  And this hunger, this ravenous desire is driving us more than we like to admit.  To the point that it looks like as a society, looking at our society from the outside, that that’s all we were created to do and to be, to shop ‘til we drop.  For some, sadly, that’s all there is in their lives.  Even religion and faith can get caught up in this web of misplaced desire, when faith and belief are something you “have” or “want” because it will make one’s life better, or because you think God wants you to have all that bling and God wants you to be happy.  The prosperity gospel – which is not gospel (!) – is not far away.

            The way out of this mess—and it is a mess—is not to condemn materialism or try to become more spiritual or make one feel guilty for all our desires and wants and wishes or vow never to walk into a Target or Wegmans again.  Jesus doesn’t do this.  Desire isn’t bad, per se.  If you notice, Jesus doesn’t judge them for their desire. Desire is good.  A lot of good comes from desire.  We are all the offspring of desire!  Olympic medals are won by desire, hunger, and passion.  We saw this all week long at the Olympics in London.  You can see it on the faces of Nathan Adrian or Gabby Douglas and Michael Phelps (although some say Michael’s desire to win was not as strong as it was four years ago in Beijing).

            What Jesus warns against is misplaced desire.  Jesus doesn’t condemn hunger. Our insatiable hunger for food, our insatiable hunger for anything, you can fill in the blank – you know what they are – are really misplaced hungers for something deeper.  They are poor substitutes for what we really crave.  They are desires in need of redemption. The object of our unhealthy desires and cravings – things, people, substances, ideas – are all signs, symbols, expressions of our inability to connect, to have, to feed on what our souls are really looking for and that is God.  Our other hungers are misplaced hunger for God.  They are substitutes for what our souls really crave.  But when you’re lost in the world of materialism and consumerism, lost in the world of false hungers and poor substitutes, it’s difficult for us to remember or even know what our souls crave and what real food tastes, real bread tastes like.

            One of the most famous and insightful sentences in Christian history comes on the first page of St. Augustine’s (354-430) classic work, Confessions. Augustine’s memoir describes his journey of faith, of eventually coming to faith in Christ.  But before he gets there he described experience after experience of unfulfilled desire, including sexual desire. And his conclusion, found on the first page, was this:  “Thou has made us for Thyself, O God, and our hearts are restless until they find their rest in Thee.” 

            If he’s right – and I believe he is – then his insight can go a long way toward bringing us back to the heart of Christianity, the heart of the Christian life, to what matters most:  our relationship, our union with God.  It can help to correct the distorted and ultimately damaging assumption that the faith is all about laws and rules and God’s judgment.  What if we moved away from thinking about sin in terms of disobedience? Too many think of sin as doing something wrong, they of the Law, the Ten Commandments, of breaking a commandment, an act of disobedience to be judged by God as judge. What if, instead, we thought of sin not as disobedience, but sin as ceasing the hunger for God, of sin as not having a hunger for God.[3] It seems to me, so much hinges on that hunger.  We are hungry creatures.  Jesus says, hunger for God and we’ll never hunger again.  If our hunger for God isn’t satisfied by God, then we’ll be fed by false gods.

            Jesus comes and offers himself as the object of our soul’s desire.  Coming from God, reflecting the glory of God, embodying the image of God, Jesus says, feed on me, hunger for me, desire me and what you’ll find in me is a source of life that continues to give and give and give and can never be depleted.  He’s the bread of life, or better, he is the bread that gives life.  And the word for “life” here means more than just breathing or functioning, but being alive, with meaning, with purpose, with creativity, with generosity, all that ways that God is alive and the source of life. 

            Jesus comes and says hunger after me, not because he’s narcissistic or full of himself, he’s full of the life of God and knows that’s what we really need.  It’s in love that he says, feed on me.  Feeding on God is the diet our hungry souls crave.  We were made this way Jesus tells us; so don’t be surprised if everything else in the end will only disappoint us. 

            What if we had an Olympic-sized hunger for God?  Just imagine how different our lives would be, how different the world would be. What if we took some of the hunger and desire and cravings we have in other parts of our lives and directed them toward what our souls are really looking for?  Just imagine the difference it would make in the way we viewed the meaning and purpose of the Church, just imagine how it would shape all that we do in this congregation.  Just imagine the difference the church could make in the world.  Just imagine how this could shape our lives.  The deepest cravings of our souls can only be satisfied in God.


Image: I am the Bread of Life by Kennedy A. Paizs
[1] Eugene Peterson, The Message (Colorado Springs: Navpress, 1993).
[2] See Robert Skidelsky and Edward Skidelsky, How Much is Enough? Money and the Good Life (Other Press, 2012).
[3] Angel F. Méndez-Montoya, The Theology of Food: Eating and the Eucharist  (John Wiley & Sons, 2012), 88.

23 July 2012

Rest & Re-Creation


Mark 6: 30-44, 53-56

Eighth Sunday after Pentecost/ 22nd July 201

Jesus was a busy man.  The demands on his time, enormous.  The burden of his call, overwhelming.  The disciples, too, were busy, because Jesus was busy.  The demands on their time were enormous, because they were with Jesus. The burden of their respective calls appeared overwhelming, called and sent by their teacher and Lord to serve the kingdom of God. At this juncture in Mark’s Gospel we have the returning of the twelve.  Earlier in chapter 6, Jesus summoned the twelve disciples, meaning students, gave them authority, and then begins to call them apostles – meaning people sent.  He commissioned them and sent them off to proclaim God’s good news.  He told them, “take nothing for their journey except a staff; no bread, no bag, no money in their belts; but to wear sandals and not to put on two tunics.”  And he sent them out to a world both hostile and open to their message.  He sent them out to be agents of healing and salvation, to announce the realm of God.

            Here in verse 30, the apostles have returned, gathered around Jesus to give him a full report, telling him “all that they had done and taught.”  Then, almost breaking them off in mid-sentence, he says to them, “Come away to a deserted place all by yourselves and rest a while.”  “For they were coming and going,” Mark tells us, “and they had no leisure even to eat.” So that’s what they do. They leave for a deserted place.  But it wasn’t deserted enough because soon onlookers noticed where they were going and a whole crowd surrounds them. This becomes the scene for the feeding of the five thousand with five loaves and two fish.  As Jesus approached the great crowd, he had esplagxnisthe, the Greek word for compassion, splagnizomai, which means to be moved in the pit of one’s stomach, to have deep empathy for another.  Jesus had compassion for them for they were like sheep without a shepherd.  And so Jesus is back at work and so are the twelve.

            Scholars have long noted that Mark’s Gospel, the shortest of the four, is a fast-paced narrative of frenetic activity.  One of Mark’s favorite words is “immediately,” used 28 times in the Gospel, a word that marks time, speeds up time, moves the story along.  And Jesus is busy, very busy, once he receives his call.  And if you note the flow of Jesus’ activity, full days of ministry and service are followed by times to pray, to pull away, to rest.  Even after the feeding Jesus goes off to pray (Mark 6:46). His ministry flows in a graceful rhythm of work and rest and work and rest and work. 

            And so I’m struck that Jesus – fully committed to his call, tireless in his efforts, no slacker he – never forgets to take time to rest. And he makes sure that his disciples never forget this.  He is their good shepherd too and wants to make sure they get the rest that they need.  “Come away to a deserted place all by yourselves and rest a while” (Mark 6:31).  For they were “coming and going, and they had no leisure even to eat” (Mark 6:31).  Rest is required right in the middle of their work.  Rest is required in order for them to do their work.

            When we think of “rest” the notion of Sabbath and Sabbath rest are not far away.  We first discover the importance of Sabbath in the creation story.  In the Decalogue, Moses tells us that the Sabbath is set apart and holy.  On the seventh day, God rested (Exodus 20:8).  Throughout the summer in worship, we’ve been lifting up the themes of creation and creativity.  Inspired by liturgical panels consisting of artwork made by members back in May, each piece reminds us of the creative spark endowed in each of us. The marvelous variety of images reflects the wild diversity of God’s people and the seemingly limitless reaches of our imaginations.  God’s love is bursting forth into creation and the power of that love never stops.  God is busy. The source of all there is.  The source of our lives.  If the pulsating out-flowing of God’s energy would ever cease, we, too, would cease.  For we are creations of the Divine imagination in whom “we live and move and have our being. (Acts 17:28)”

            The panels depict aspects of the first creation story in Genesis 1.  Creation and creative expressions are, obviously, activities that require enormous energy, effort, work, and struggle.  Built into the creation story, however, is something that (I believe) is not reflected in any of the panels, a part of creation that was not rendered artistically for us, something is missing – Sabbath rest.  Maybe because we often think of God resting, of Sabbath, as something apart from the actual act of creation, something that comes after, certainly related to, but disconnected from the rest.  We often think the creation of humanity as the culmination of the creation account.  After all that effort, we imagine, God takes a break.  On the Sabbath, we assume, nothing happens.  How does one draw nothing?

            Here’s a different view.  The case could be made that the culmination of creation was not the creation of humanity, but the creation of the Sabbath.  That all the effort of the six days was in order for God to rest on the Sabbath with us and then take delight in, enjoy the goodness of creation with us.[1]  Rest is built into the Sabbath and the Sabbath is built into the Creation.  The Sabbath then is connected to the ongoing creative activity of God.  It’s not something extra, added on. This means that whenever the Sabbath rest is separated from the frenetic six days of activity, of doing, there’s a sense in which the Creator is rejected.  When we deny Sabbath rest as part of God’s good creation, we are, in effect, rejecting the Creator and, at the same time, doing violence to the creation and to ourselves as creatures.  In other words, we were created to rest and to enjoy a Sabbath rest with God.  If the Creator relishes the importance of rest in order to be a good Creator, then we as the result of the Creator’s love are called to relish the importance of rest so that we, too, might be creative.

            And so Jesus lovingly urges his disciples to rest, he urges them to stop, compels them to get away from it all.  He tells them to play.  He tells them to get something to eat.  “Come away,” literally “Come! You yourselves,” I mean you.  He wants to get their attention.  You – I mean, you:  stop.  The Greek here means to cease, to rest, to rest in order to gain strength.  Rest is a means to an end, not the end itself.  The word was used to command soldiers to rest so that they could be better soldiers. It was also used to describe land that is allowed to rest so that the land can yield a harvest.  That’s what Jesus is calling them toward.  Rest is essential for the health of the soldier and the land; it’s essential for a vital life; and it’s no less essential for people called to do the work of God.  Jesus shows us here that our ability to rest directly impacts our ability to be creative, productive, and useful.  We could say rest and re-creation go hand-in-hand. 

            Now, we all know in our guts that this is true.  We do.  But we also know there’s a lot in our lives that tries to separate activity from Sabbath rest, that tries to put a wedge between activity and rest, where we privilege activity over rest.  As the Franciscan priest and writer Richard Rohr notes, Western and American culture alike, we’ve all “imbibed the culture of unrest so deeply.”[2]  We’ve all “drunk the Kool-Aid.”  We’ve been doing it for centuries.  We have this suspicion around rest or resting too long.  You know the sayings:  “Idle brains are the devil’s workhouses.” (This dates back to 1732)  “Idle hands are the devil’s tool.” (1808)  “An idle brain is the devil’s workshop.” “The devil finds work (or mischief) for idle hands to do.”  The Protestant work ethic has been entwined with the capitalist spirit to yield a way of life that might look religious and successful, but it’s not necessarily the Gospel, and it’s not liberating.  Instead, hard work is blessed, celebrated.  People take enormous pride in the number of vacations days they don’t use, the amount they can accrue.  They see it as a badge of honor.  Mostly men do this (but not exclusively so).  We equate not working with laziness. And who wants to be called lazy?  We view activity as a virtue; idleness is of the devil.  We equate rest with doing nothing and having nothing to do leaves you open to all kind of trouble or mischief.

            Our relation to time also fuels our suspicion of rest.  We’re obsessed with time, but we don’t think there’s ever enough.  We are the most technologically advanced civilization the world has ever known, with technology at our fingertips designed to help us have more time to do the things we want to do.  And we still don’t have enough time.  We’re so busy and worry about getting everything done in time. There’s not enough time to rest.  We’re fearful of wasting time.  Some say rest is a luxury they can’t afford.  Time is money.  Time spent without activity, time spent idle, time spent doing nothing looks wasteful – it looks un-American.  But it might actually be Gospel.  Maybe, then, we need to waste time; maybe we need to be prodigal with it, as God is with time.  We have all the time in the world, so why not spend it?

            Our suspicion toward rest is reinforced by the perception that we have to keep busy because that’s what’s expected of us as modern people.  Tim Kreider, writing recently in The New York Times called this “the ‘busy’ trap.”[3]  “If you live in America in the 21st century,” he writes, “you’ve probably had to listen to a lot of people tell you how busy they are.  It’s become the default response when you ask anyone how they’re doing: “Busy!” “So busy” “Crazy busy.”  It is, pretty obviously, a boast disguised as a complaint.”   Many of us are guilty of this.  I know I am. We might be complaining, but it can be used as a boast.   “Notice,” he observes, “it isn’t generally speaking people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU [at the hospital] or commuting by bus to three minimum-wage jobs who tell you how busy they are; what those people are is not busy but tired.  Exhausted. Dead on their feet.  It’s almost always people whose lamented busyness is purely self-imposed…they’re busy because of their own ambition or drive or anxiety, because they’re addicted to busyness and dread what they might have to face in its absence.”  Even our children are busy these days, overbooked, over scheduled.  They are learning it from us.  And what they are learning, Kreider suggests – and I would agree – is that “busyness serves as a kind of existential reassurance, a hedge against emptiness; obviously your life cannot possibly be silly or trivial or meaningless if you are so busy, completely booked, in demand every hour of the day.”  When we are busy we don’t have to stop and look at ourselves or at our neighbors or at the needs of the world, we don’t have to look at the things that need tending to in our souls.  We can immerse ourselves in activity – even religious work, church work, make it look "holy" – and think that that’s okay.  But it’s not.

            With compassion toward us Jesus invites us to step away, to rest, to recharge.  Go ahead, be bold, go ahead – be idle!  Go ahead – risk idleness!  Do nothing!  Play! See what happens.  Kreider assures us that “idleness is not just a vacation, an indulgence or a vice; it is as indispensable to the brain as vitamin D is to the body, and deprived of it we suffer mental affliction as disfiguring as rickets.  The space and quiet that idleness provides is a necessary condition for standing back from life and seeing it whole, for making unexpected connections and waiting for the wild summer lightning strikes of inspiration – it is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done.”

            That’s what Jesus said.  That’s what God said long ago.  Sabbath, rest, idleness – the “necessary condition” for getting any thing done.  So stop. Rest. Rest in God.  Fall into the everlasting arms of God – fall and allow yourself to be held, resting in God’s compassion, knowing he provides for our every need.  Rest.  For only then can we be creative and be of service in recreating the world in God’s image. 

            It’s one thing to hear someone talk about rest in a sermon and another to actually rest. So here’s an opportunity for you to rest in the Lord, here and now.  You can use this guided prayer any time, anywhere.  Offer these words of scripture before entering into a period of silence:
                        Be still and know that I am God.
                        Be still and know that I am.
                        Be still and know.
                        Be still.
                        Be….

                                                                                                Amen.


[1] Jürgen Moltmann, God in Creation: A New Theology of Creation and the Spirit of God (HarperSanFrancisco, 1991).
[2] Richard Rohr in Following the Mystics Through the Narrow Gate (2010).
[3] Tim Kreider, “The ‘Busy’ Trap,” New York Times, http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/30/the-busy-trap/

17 July 2012

Faith Dancing


2 Samuel 6: 1-5, 12b-19


Seventh Sunday after Pentecost/ 15th July 2012

Last Sunday, I ended the sermon with reference to a video I saw during worship at the General Assembly in Pittsburgh, shown at East Liberty Presbyterian Church to a congregation of 700 Presbyterians.   It was the latest release by Matt Harding on his site: “Where the hell is Matt?”  His Dance 2012 consists of Matt dancing a funny dance with people – he’s not really a great dancer – in small groups and in enormous crowds, with people all around the world, children, adults, all shapes and sizes and religions and races in a celebration of the human spirit caught up in the dance.  There’s one poignant scene in which he’s dancing with people in wheelchairs.  He’s dancing in Rwanda, Germany; Damascus, Syria (the dancers have their faces blurred to keep them anonymous); Iraq, Afghanistan, Haiti, Gaza, Thailand, North Korea, South Africa, Cairo, Athens, Rome, and even Patterson Park, Baltimore.  Some are dangerous places, impoverished places, places of untold pain and suffering, but also places of joy and happiness.  I’m not exactly sure why it speaks to so many people – I was a wreck watching it.  I’m not sure what’s at the root of the emotions it releases, but it’s profound and uplifting and joyous and it celebrates the thread that binds the human spirit together.  The video is set to music, a song, “Trip the Light,” co-authored by Matt.  By trip he means to turn on the light. Here are the lyrics:

If all the days that come to pass
Are behind these walls
I’ll be left at the end of things
In a world kept small

Travel far from what I know
I’ll be swept away
I need to know
I can be lost and not afraid

We’re gonna trip the light
We’re gonna break the night
And we’ll see with new eyes
When we trip the light

Remember we’re lost together
Remember we’re the same
We hold the burning rhythm in our hearts
We hold the flame


I’ll find my way home


On the Western wind
To a place that was once my world
Back from where I’ve been

And in the morning light I’ll remember
As the sun will rise
We are all the glowing embers
Of a distant fire

We’re gonna trip the light
We’re gonna break the night
And we’ll see with new eyes
When we trip the light.[1]




            I can’t shake free from the images and music of this video.  I’m not exactly sure why.  Perhaps it gives a glimpse of what the human spirit really hungers for; it allows us to soar with hope for the new thing God is doing in our midst.  For the dance continues and nothing can stop it.

            And then just when I thought I was beyond it, here comes the lectionary for this week from 2 Samuel, of David dancing with “all his might” before the ark of God.

            2 Samuel depicts the ascendency of David to the throne of Israel and Judah.  Saul is dead.  Abner, Saul’s general, is dead.  A lot of people are dead – all within the first five chapters.  David is not completely innocent here.  But he’s the one left standing. The Lord’s anointed.  He moves the capital to Jerusalem.  Jerusalem, already a religious center for Israel, now becomes a political and military center.  He brings with him the ark of the covenant, the dwelling place of Yahweh, the holy presence of God, which was entrusted to the Northern tribes.  And so in a great liturgical procession of 30,000, “David and all the people with him set out and went…to bring up from there the ark of God, which is called by the name of the LORD of hosts who is enthroned in the cherubim.” 

            David is leading the way and he’s dancing.  David and all the house of Israel “were dancing before the LORD with all their might, with songs and lyres and harps and tambourines and castanets and cymbals.” Eventually they make their way into the City of David, into Jerusalem, and David is still dancing, “all the house of Israel brought up the ark of the LORD with shouting, and with the sound of the trumpet.”

            As David makes his way through the city, Michal, Saul’s daughter, David’s wife, looks on and despises him? Why? Maybe she’s resentful toward him for pulling her away from her first husband, Paltiel – this David who demanded that she become his wife.  Maybe she’s resentful that she’s one of David’s wives and not the only one (and be sure to note the Bible’s early configuration of marriage here).  We’re not sure.  Her anger and even hate for him are strong and justified; they become the lens through which she looks out at him and his holy display.  Maybe she thinks he’s a poseur, a fake, she knows his heart, he’s got the 30,000 fooled.  Michal probably knows better than most that David isn’t perfect – and we must not project those expectations upon him.  But it’s kind of sad to see Michal’s resentment toward him getting in the way of the celebration, hindering her ability to worship to God, obstructing her from joining in the dance.

            I think if we’re honest, even if we have two left feet, we want to join in the dance.  But there are things that hinder us from dancing, that prevent us from hearing the music.  Maybe you know what it’s like to be on the edge of a dance floor looking on with desire and maybe jealousy and fear because you know that you want to dance, you know you want to be out there, but you don’t know how (or think you don’t), or you don’t want to embarrass yourself (or your friends), and so you run from the risk and the fun and look on.  We all want to dance.  It’s buried deep in our souls, in our psyches.  Dance is as old as humanity; it’s archetypal. Dance might actually be older than language; it’s preverbal and even subverbal.  It’s part of our collective memories.  When we hear the beating of the drum, something stirs in us.  It’s primal.  Certain rhythms and beats can cause even the most frozen of the chosen Presbyterian tribe to move.  We might not think it’s possible; but it is. With God all things are possible. At the church I served in Mendham, NJ, we had a dance one evening. I remember seeing about fifty Presbyterians lose enough to dance, not only the Electric Slide, but also the Macarena!  That was a sight to behold! It couldn’t get that image out of my head for a while.

            It was the great dance teacher and choreographer Martha Graham (1894-1991), who said, “Dance is the hidden language of the soul.”[2]  When we dance, something deep is revealed, something deep is released, something deep is set free, something deep that can only be discovered, maybe, in the dance.

            Twice we find David and all of Israel “dancing with all their might.”   I’m struck by the strong, profound connection between worship and dance here, between devotion and dance, between praise and dance. With all his might David gives himself over in praise and celebration, with all his heart, soul, mind, strength, and body he offers himself to God in praise.  There’s such happiness, such joy and delight, such selflessness and unself-consciousness here that he’s free to give himself over to the dance, he’s free to let himself go.  What a marvelous expression or definition of worship.

            The Russian-born choreographer George Balanchine (1904-1983) once said, “I don’t want people who want to dance, I want people who have to dance.”  From what we can glean from this text, no one told David to dance.  He had to dance; it flowed from him.  That’s what worship does – it’s what God wants from our worship.

            I’m struck by this connection between religious experience and emotion.  The religious expression, the depth of love and devotion causes movement.  That’s what an emotion does.  An emotion is energy in motion – e-motion – and that’s what religious experience can and should do within us – move us, cause us to move. 

            Early Judaism knew this.  Dance has always been part of the Jewish tradition.  In the Christian experience, not so much.  In the gospels, Jesus says, 'We piped to you but you did not dance' (Matthew 11:17). In Jesus' parable of the prodigal son there was dancing and rejoicing on the son's return to his home (Luke 15:25).  Even as late at 200 A.D., circle dances were still part of the Christian liturgy. But all that changed when the dance was equated with moral decadence and dance was removed from the liturgy.   John Calvin (1509-1564) and his colleagues and the congregations of the Reformed church did not dance.  There are exceptions in Christian history, of course, think of the Shakers in the 19th century America. 

            In Islam, the mystical Sufis today dance in a whirling dervish of praise around one still point.  In the gnostic text, the Acts of John, we find Jesus saying, “Give heed unto my dancing… Divine Grace is dancing:  Fain would I pipe for you. Dance ye all!”[3]  

            It’s not surprising that Jesus came to be known as the Lord of the Dance.  Sydney Carter (1915-2004), composer of our closing hymn, “I Danced in the Morning” (1963), set to the Shaker tune Simple Gifts, said in connection with this hymn, "I see Christ as the incarnation of the piper who is calling us. He dances that shape and pattern which is at the heart of our reality. …I sing of the dancing pattern in the life and words of Jesus. Whether Jesus ever leaped in Galilee to the rhythm of a pipe or drum I do not know. We are told that David danced (and as an act of worship too), so it is not impossible. The fact that many Christians have regarded dancing as a bit ungodly (in a church, at any rate) does not mean that Jesus did. The Shakers didn't.” 

            I wonder whether with the absence of dance that we haven’t lost something essential in our worship. 

            We know all the power of dance.  Sometimes we have to go beyond the Church to discover it or reclaim it. Whether it’s a scene from Hairspray or Flashdance or Saturday Night Fever or West Side Story, “Dancing with the Stars,” or watching Fred and Ginger – you have your favorites – you know the beauty and emotion of the movement when we dance, even when we watch people dance.  My parents were wonderful dancers.  I can remember watching them at wedding receptions and parties, effortlessly moving across the dance floor in one fluid, beautiful movement.  We want to participate in it. We want to get caught up in it. Dance is a marvelous metaphor or image for the Christian life, a faith that is dancing.

            Listen to this personal statement or confession of what dance means, what it does, why it matter. As you listen, try to connect it to your own faith, hear it as a metaphor for a dancing faith:

Consciousness expresses itself through creation. This world we live in is the dance of the creator. Dancers come and go in the twinkling of an eye but the dance lives on. On many an occasion when I am dancing, I have felt touched by something sacred. In those moments, I felt my spirit soar and become one with everything that exists. 

I become the stars and the moon. I become the lover and the beloved. I become the victor and the vanquished. I become the master and the slave. I become the singer and the song. I become the knower and the known. I keep on dancing then, it is the eternal dance of creation. The creator and creation merge into one wholeness of joy. I keep on dancing...and dancing...and dancing. Until there is only...the dance.

            These are the words of Michael Jackson (1958-2009).

            I can easily imagine David saying something very similar, can’t you? “…touched by something sacred…I felt my spirit soar…creator and creation merge into one wholeness of joy…there is only…the dance.” And so we keep on dancing…and dancing…and dancing.  For there is only the dance.



[1]“Trip the Light,” by Alicia Hempke and Matt Harding; Music by Gary Schyman.
[2] See Martha Graham’s autobiography, Blood Memory:  An Autobiography (Doubleday, 1991).
[3] The Acts of John is a gnostic text that dates from the 2nd century AD.  In its account of the Last Supper, there is reference to the Round Dance or Circle Dance of the Cross, initiated by Jesus who says, "Before I am delivered to them, let us sing a hymn to the Father and so go to meet what lies before us.” Directed to form a circle around him, holding hands and dancing, the apostles cry "Amen" to the hymn of Jesus.  Gustav Holst (1875-1934) set the text to music, using his own translation from the Greek, in The Hymn of Jesus (1916). I’m using Holst’s translation here.